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Our youth leaders are tasked with preparing a special fish dinner for their grandparent by catching one of the most prized fish, the walleye! They must dive into fish biology, master fishing techniques, and crack myths in order to discover avenues for others to sustainable harvest this elusive fish all year round.
To keep up with the growth in human population, the quantity of food that will have to be produced over the next 50 years will be greater than the past 10,000 years combined. With seven billion people on the planet, traditional farming can only succeed with the assistance of science and a host of hi-tech tools and innovations. This program explores how farmers and scientists continually adapt and innovate in order to produce enough food to feed a hungry planet, while understanding and protecting the environment.
Anthropometry is the science that defines physical measures of a persons size, form, and functional capacities. Forensic science (often shortened to forensics) is the practical application of science to matters of the law. In criminal law, forensics science can help prove the guilt or innocence of the defendant. In civil actions, forensics can help resolve a broad spectrum of legal issues through the identification, analysis and evaluation of physical evidence. This program will discuss how new innovations and discoveries in forensic technology have important scientific applications beyond law.
Topics include: Viral Structure and Replication, Phylogenetic Classification, Structure and Function of Plants, and the Structure and Function of Animals.
Animal Diversity Part I looks at animal systematics—classification, characteristics, life cycles, etc.—of Parazoa and some Eumetazoa (Radiata, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Rotifera, and Arthropoda).
Animal Diversity Part 2 continues to look at members of the animal kingdom such as the Mollusca, Annelida, Brachiopoda, Echinodermata, and Vertebrata (Agnatha, Placodermii, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia). In addition, some Mammalian Orders, their evolution, and how plate tectonics influenced their modern day global distribution.
Ecosystems looks at biotic and abiotic factors; ecosystem structure; marine and aquatic zones; net primary productivity and biomass; and then discusses the following ecosystems:
Energetics: Pieces of the Energy Puzzle looks at portions of energy metabolism to lay a foundation for the discussion of photosynthesis and the cellular oxidation of glucose.
This program covers the following topics:
the electron carriers NAD+, FAD, and NADP+ and their reduced versions
oxidation and reduction reactions
enzymatic pathways and cycles
substrate level phosphorylation
photosystems
chemiosmotic/oxidative phosphorylation looking at electron transport systems and ATP synthase functioning in detail
Excavates and Other Protists revisits the Eubacteria and Archaea describing reproduction and discussing examples, before discussing Protist characteristics; next defining the four Superkingdoms; and then discussing the Superkingdom Excavata and the Superkingdom SAR, as well as examples of each.
Exceptions to Expected Outcomes looks at problems and inheritance where one does not see the typical expected phenotypic outcomes. These include Epistasis; X-linked inheritance; Lyonization and Calico cats; polygenic inheritance; maternal and paternal imprinting and its effect on phenotypic outcomes.
Extinction and Global Concerns examines the causes of extinction, before describing ozone depletion, greenhouse warming, and other global concerns. Also discussed are the "green" alternative energy sources and includes information on air and water pollution, and depletion of resources.
Modern Evolutionary Theory Continued begins a discussion of some of the forces that drive evolution including inheritance, random genetic change, and natural selection. Examples and evidence for these evolutionary forces are emphasized throughout. In addition, this program reexamines the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
Modern Theory and Speciation continues to look at more forces and evidence of evolution in the form of genetic drift and migration. Genetic drift and natural selection are compared by looking at founder effect and bottlenecks. It also discusses speciation including isolating mechanisms, types of speciation, and examples of speciation.
Multiple Trait Inheritance looks at Mendel's discovery of independent assortment. A number of problems involving multiple genes are presented and solved.
Mutation and Control of Gene Expression examines the types (various point and frame shift mutations), causes and mechanisms responsible, and the downstream consequences of mutation. The program also looks at pre and post transcriptional control of gene expression (primarily in eukaryotes).
Protein Synthesis: Transcription and Translation compares the structure, functions, and relationships of DNA vs. RNA; looks at the types of RNA; explains the central dogma; and takes a detailed look at transcription and translation ending with transcribing and translating a portion of a chromosome into the amino acid sequence it encodes.
The Cellular Oxidation of Glucose revisits C4 and CAM plants before beginning a detailed look at glycolysis and cellular respiration. This program covers the following topics:
aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis
mitochondrial structure
pyruvate to acetyl CoA
Kreb's Cycle
mitochondrial electron transport system
ATP production
the role of oxygen
the metabolic relationship between carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
This video uses microscope imaging and 3-D animation techniques to illustrate the cellular processes associated with being alive: eating, drinking, breathing and growing.
Biological variation has played an essential part in the evolution of life on this planet, and ensures the continued existence of healthy populations. This video looks at variation in living things, at the level of whole organisms (plants, animals and humans).